Drying apparatus



Sept. 3, 1929. H. D. MILES DRYING APPARTUS 5 Sheets-Sheet l Filed June 18, 1925 Sept. 3, 1929. H. D.M|1 Es 1,726,751 l.

DRYING APPARATUS Filed June 18, 1925- 5-Sheets-Sheet 2' 5 I r'ii" l ufl 0 ../f .i'il .m

ma 7@ 7S 34m Sept. 3, 1929.

H. D. MILES DRYI NG APPARATUS Filed June 18, 1925 l'jzfsfisl` 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Sept. 3, 1929. H. D. MILES DRYING APPARATUS Filed June 18, 192B 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Sept. 3, 1929. H. D. MILES DRYING APPARATUS Fi-led June 18, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Sept. 3, 1929.

A1,726,151 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY B. MILES, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, AssrGNOR 'ro BUFFALO FOUNDRY e MACHINE COMPANY, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

. DRYING APPARATUS.

Application led .Tune 18, 1925. Serial No. 37,935.

This invention relates to a drying apparatus for desiccating liquids containing solids. ne of the objects of this invention is to mount the drying drum and the means for supplying the liquid to be dried to the drum,

removing the dried material from the drum and carrying the finished product from the machine, in such manner that the same form a complete unit and admit of either enclosing 1o the same or uncovering the same by an indeply the liquid to the drum,

pendent casing whichz is movable relatively to the drum and the Working parts associated therewith but wholly disconnected therefrom and thereby enabling the working parts of the apparatus to be completely exposed for cleaning, inspection, repairing and adjustment and also admitting of using the apparatus either as a vacuum or as an atmospheric drier Without disturbing the parts which supspread the same evenly therein, catch the excess liquid, remove the dried material from the drum and convey the dried product from the apparatus.

Further objects of this invention are to provide a drier having improved means for supporting the casing, moving the same into its' opened and closed position and detachably connecting the same with the stationary supporting element of the main frame, also to provide improved means for rotatably sup.-

porting .the drying drum, and also improved means for supplying the liquid to be dried to the drum, carrying off the excess liquid, re-

moving the dried material from the drum, as will presently appear.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1, is a vertical longitudinal section of my improved drying apparatus showing the various parts in position for operation.

Figure 2, is la front elevation of the saine, on an enlarged scale.

' Figure 3, is a fragmentary longitudinal section of the means for adjusting the liquid feeding pan toward and from the underside of the drying drum. i

Figure 4, is a side elevation of the apparatus showing the enclosing casing Opened so as -to uncover the internal parts of the apparatus and permit of thoroughly cleaning and easily inspecting and repairing the same.

Figure 5, is a vertical transverse sectionof the apparatus, on an enlarged scale, taken on line 5-5, Fig. 1, looking forwardly and showing the parts in their operative position.

Figure 6,- is a fragmentary vertical tra-iising, those shown in the like parts throughout the several views The main frame or supp'oiftofv this drying" horizontal apparatus preferably comprise lon itudinal base or bed 10,11.` A, paratively hig mam standard 11 risingfroin the central part of this base, and a comparatively low standard 12 rising from the front part of this base.

reference indicate" Arranged on the upper part of the main standard is a stationary vertical head 13 which forms the front end of the enclosing casing of the vacuum chamber of the apparatus.

'I he body 14 of the enclosing casing is of cylindrical form and arranged so that its axis is horizontal. The rear end of this body is closed by a rearvertical head 15 permanently connected therewith.

The body and rear head of the casing are movable horizontally toward and from the fixed front head for the purpose of enclosing the internal art of the-.apparatus when in Operation an uncovering the same when access to the same is required for cleaning, inspection, adjustment and repairing.

Various means may be emplo ed for thus moving the body and rear hea of the castwo lon 'tudinal tracks or rails 16, 16 mounted on t e rear part of thebase, supporting wheels Or vroller 17 pivotally mounted in brackets 18 on the underside of the casing body and running on said rails, nal gear rack 19 secured to the underside of the casing body, and a gear pinion 20 meshing with the gear rack and secured to a transverse shaft 2 1 wliichis journaled horizontally7 in bearings on the 'ear end of the base.- pon turning this shaft in one direction or the other by a wrench or handle 22 applied to one end thereof the gear pinion 20 causes the gear rack to move forwardly or backwardly-nio drawings comprising rali-ty of longitudinal openings arranged 1i; in an' annular row, a circumferential locking U ring 26'engaging with the rear side of the y coupling han e 24 and provided with a plurality of keyole slots each of which has a'v and thereby either bringingthe casing-body f is and front head together same.

or separating the The front end of the casing the'l fixed' front head'foir the same are detachably preferred formcomprises a4 coupling ring-23 secured to the front end of the casing body and rovided with a laterally projecting circuIn erential locking flange 24 having a plu- *wide part`27 and a narrow part 28, a pluvand a plurality of coupling pins each of which rality of `iiedees 29 `of fork shape mounted. and each on the rear side of the locking ring having its tines arranged on o posite sides of the narrow art of one of sai key-hole slots,

has a narrow shank, 30, secured-to the periphery of the fixed front casino' head and adapted to pass through one of tl'iey openings 25 ofthe coupling ring and the key-hole slot of the locking ring and a wide 'head' 31 arranged at the rear 'end oftheshank andl adapted to pass through the opening 25 of the coupling flange and the Wide part of the respective key-hole slot and to engage with the rear side of one of the wedges. The* v Y loclnng ring is guided on the Casin so a's to i be capable of circumferential rotation thereon by confining the same between the rear side 'of the coupling flange 26 and a plurality 'of guide clips 32 secured to this flan e and en- I l or the other for coupling or 'uncoupli'ng the.

-gaging with the rear side of the loc 'ng ring.

Rotation of the locking ring in one direction casing body and front head is edected in the present instance by agearsegment 33 secured to the locking ring, a gear pinion 34 englaging with this segment and mounted on L a sv aft 35 which is journaled in a bearing 36 on the flange 26, and a ratchet wrench or V handle 37 adapted to'lit said shaft in one position of the wrench or the other for actuatin said locking ring with a ratchet action eit er for locking the front head and casing vbody together or unlocking the same. When the locking ring is turned into a position in which the large or wide part of each of its key-hole slots is in line with an opening 25 of the coupling ring and the enlarged head of one of the coupling bolts, then the body of the casing can be moved fully into its foremost position toward the front casing head during which time the head of each coupling holt passes through one of the openings 25 and the larger part of the respective keyhole slot, When the parts have been thus assembled the locking ring 26 is moved forward circumferentiallyby the hand operated shifting mechanism, thereby causing each wedge 29 to engage underneath the front side of the .5 `A vacuum I'chamber for the purpose of acceleratmg the y wearer .the casing bodyand front casing head to gather.l Upon reversing the rotary move- .;ment ofthe locking ring the wedges are disf engaged from'the heads of the coupling bolts connected by allocking device which in its` In order to produce a tight joint between the front head and body of the casing a lgasket or packing ring 38 -is interposed between these members, which ring 1s preferably mounted in'a groove on the inner or rear side of the front casing head,.as shown in Figure l.vl Y

' is-'created within the drying drying of the liquid therein and at a lower temperature by exhausting the vapor from this chamber through a vapor outlet 39 .formed in the upper part of the fixed casing head and adapted to be connected with any suitable form of exhausting device such as va condenser, a suction blower or fan, or similar means. By connecting the exhausting vapors 1n this manner the casing can be 'opened and closedv without disturbing thev connections between the vacuum chamber and the .vapor4v exhausting device, thereby facilitating cleaning Aof the same and reducing the cost of operating the apparatus. 4

Within the vacuum or drying chamber is arranged the drum upon the periphery of. which the liquid to be dried is deposited. and

retainedthereon until desiccated and then L removed therefrom. This drum has its axis arranged horizontally and comprises a holp permitting access tothe intep rior of the same.

"loo,

low cylindrical body 40, and heads 41, 42 secured to the front and rear ends of. the body,

thereby forming a heating chamber within the drum which is adapted to receive steam or similar heating medium. This drum is pivotally mounted so as to rotate about a horizontal longitudinal axis by means of trunnions 43, 44, arranged on the front and rear drum heads and `iournaled in front and rear bearings 45, 46. The front inner or inboard bearing 45 is formed on the front head 13 of the casing and the rear, outer or outboard lbearing 46 is formed on the central part of an upright supporting column 47 arranged in the rear part'of the drying chamber. This column is supported upon the front head of the casing by an upper horizontalbeam 48 arranged lengthwise above the drum and connected at its front end with the rear or inner side of the front casing head while its rear end is connected with the upper end of the supporting column. Below the drum a beam 49 is arranged lengthwise in the drying chamber and connected at its front end with ratus without in ary drum or the means permits of movingthis body and reary head i rearwardly away from the front casing head PPa" for exposing the internal parts` of the a way disturbing the or rotatably mounting lthe same within the drying chamber.

,Y .In order to render the apparatus more rigid and prevent possible disalignment of the drum and its bearingsthe rear trunnion 44 is provided with a cylindrical recess 50 in its rear end which is adapted to'receive the front end of a staying bar or rod 51, which latter is adapted to be supported at its rear end in a central opening 52 in the rear head of the enclosing casing. This staying rod, shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1,'is on y used ,temporarily for stiifening the machine while handling the same and is removed prior to using the machine. These means permit of using the stay rods 51 between the outer end of the drum and the outer head of the casing so as to prevent excessive strains from jars or shocks.

ing head.

being put on the trunnions and bearings of the drum while the drier is being transported over railways or water lines. After the drier is installed this temporary equipment is removed as there is no further danger of straining the parts owing to the absence of `olts, After the removal o the staying bar the recess 50 is covered by a plate 53 to prevent any vapors from lodging therein and also facilitating cleaning the apparatus, .and the stay opening 52is alsoI closed by a cover plate 54 lsecured to the rear cas- A rotary movement may be imparted to the drum from the exterior 'of the apparatus by.

any suitable or approved means, those shown in the drawings having been-found satisfactory and comprising a prime mover 55 mounted on the front part of the base and preferably consisting of an electric motor, a speed reducing gearing 56 mounted on the front part of the baseA and connected with the motor, a horizontal intermediate shaft 57 arranged lengthwise, above the motor and .speed reducer and journaled infront and rear bearings 58 and 59 on the base, a belt 60 passing around 'pulleys 61, 62 on the speed reducer and the intermediate shaft, and a gearpinion 63 arranged on the intermediate shaft and meshing with a Vgear wheel 64 on the front trunnion of the drum,` as shown in Figs. 1. 2 and 4. 'l

Steam or other heating agent is introduced into the drum through an inlet pipe 65 extending axially through the front trunnion of the drum while the water of condensation is relunderside of the drumA to the bore of the necting the scoop with said. out et conduit, and a delivery pipe 69 surrounding said inlet plpe, said inlet and delivery pipes being stationary and said front trunnion turningaround the same tween.

The milk, or, other solid-containing liquid which isto be desiccated, is delivered to the by a feeding pan 70 which is arranged lengthwise below the drum and adapted to contain a bath of liquid into which the lower art of the drum dips and picks up athin the pan. The pan is mounted on a hollow longitudinal shaft or distributing pipe 71 which is journaled at 'its front and rear ends in y rotary joints therebel m thereof in passing over I I bearings 727 7 3 on the front casing head and Y the column 47 and extends forwardly7 to the exterior of the enclosing casing. This pan is supported on this hollow shaft by arms 74 and liquid is delivered from this shaft to the pan at different points in the length thereof by branch pipes 75. The liquid is supplied to the distributing pipe 71 by a supply pipe 76 -projecting axially into the outer end of the' former and receiving its supply from any suitable source. The supply pipe 76 is stationary but the distributing pipe is rotatable about its axis for the purpose of raising the feeding pan into its operative position close to the underside of the drum for delivering liquid thereto, as shown in F 5, orlowered into leaniing the yinterior of the pan, as shown in The distributing shafttogether with the feeding pan mounted thereon may be turned for the purpose described above from the eX- terior of the apparatus by means which preferably comprise a rock arm 176 secured to the outer end of the distributing pipe. a link 77 connected with' said arm.I an adjusting screw 7 Blconnected with said link, and a rotary adjusting screw nut 79 journaled in a bearing 80 on the main standard so as to be held against lengthwise movement and engaging with the thread of said screw nut, as shown in Figures 2 and 3. Upon turning the screw nut 79 in one direction the handle 81 thereon the feeding pan will be raised or lowered without affecting any other working parts of the machine.

The excess liquid which is not picked up by the drum overflows from the pan and drops an inoperative position to permit of.

or the other by 4for the surplus liquid which escapes from j "overflow trough isdischarged therefrom to the exterior of the apparatus from the front end of the trough, an outlet opening 83 from which latter it is conducted by a pipe 8l to any suitable place from which it may be againreturned to the feeding pan or otherwise disposed of.

After the'underside of the drum has picked up a film of liquid the latter is carried past a spreader 85 which extends lengthwise of the drum immediately adjacent tothe front side of the pan whereby the liquid is spread out evenly and any bubbles therein are broken up so that the liquid desiccates uniformly. This spreader is mounted on a horizontal longitudinal rock shaft 80 Which is journaled in front and rear bearings on the front casing head and the internal column and is capable of being moved toward the drum the required extent for properly acting on the liquid film and also away from the drum for convenience in cleaning, this being preferably accomplished by means similar to those for adj ust ing the feeding pan, and comprising a rock arm 87 connected with the front end of said spreader 'rock shaft 86 outside of the casing,

As the film of milk lis carried from the spreader upwardly on the corresponding side of the drum to the top thereof and then downwardly on the opposite side of the same it 1s dried by the heat imparted to the drum by the steam within it, and before this dried film in its descent again reaches the feeding pan it is scraped off from the external surface of the drum on the descending side of the same 4by a blade or knife 92 engaging with the drum. This knife is mounted on a longitudinal bar 93 which is ivoted at its lower edge by a pintle 94 on t e adjacent longitudinal edge of the lower trough beam 49. Adjustment of the knife relatively to the drum is eff fected by a longitudinal rock shaft 95 arranged below the knife within the drying chamber and journaled at its front and rear ends in bearings 96, 97 on the front casing l head and on said column, a plurality of 'rock arms 98 projecting upwardly from this rock shaft, a plurality of adjustable links 99 connecting said rock arms with said knife bar, a worm sefrment 100 secured to the front end of said knife rock shaft outside of said casing, a worm 101 meshing with said Worm segment, and a shaft 102 journaled in bearings 103 on themain standard and carrying said worm at one end and provided'at its other end with a hand Wheel 104 for turning the same. Upon rocking the shaft 95 by these means in one direction or the other the knife is carried into operative engagement with the drum, as shown in Figure 5, or away therefrom to permit of cleaning the same, as shown in Figure 6. As the dried material is removed fromthe drum the material drops into a conveyor trough which is arranged lengthwise adjacent to the knife Within the drying/chamber and extends beyond the front end of the enclosing casing, This trough is supported at its rear end on the upright supporting column and at its front part on the front head of the enclosing casing and that part 105 of the same within the casing is open at the top while that part 106 outside of the casing is closed and of c lindrical form and provided at its front en with a downwardly projecting discharge spout 107.

Vithin this conveyor trough is arranged a screw conveyor 108 the shaft 109 of Which is journaled in bearings at the front and rear ends of the conveyor trough and is turned by power applied to the front end of the same in any suitable or approved manner. As the dried material removed from the drum by the knife falls into the conveyor trough the same is carried lengthwise of the latter and discharged from the spout thereof, suitable means being provided to`prevent the entrance of air while the dried product is being discharged in order to prevent breaking of the vacuumv in the drying chamber.

While the machine is in operation the body of the casing is clamped tightly against the front head of the same so as to preserve the vacuum therein for promoting desiccation of the liquor under treatment.

When shutting down the apparatus after drying such liquids as milk, it is necessary to clean the interior thereof thoroughly in order to prevent any residue therein from becoming foul or rancid and contaminating the next following batch of milk which is to be dried. For this purpose the body of the casing is disconnected from the front head and moved with the rear head backwardly for uncovering the drum and the parts co-operating therewith and thus rendering the same as Well as the interior of the movable parts of the casing or housing freelyaccessible and capable of being thoroughly cleaned and put in the most sanitary con ition. The opening up of the drying apparatus for this purpose can be effected easily and quickl inasmuch as only a part of the casing need e moved. This a vantages due to mounting all the internal working parts of the apparatus on the front fixed head of the casing which is carried on the main frame. Moreover in this construction opening up of the casing does not disturb the adjustment of any of the working parts but permits the same to remain in whatioo ever position the same may be found to work most satisfactorily and thereby avoid readjustment of the parts every time theapparatus has to be cleaned. f

It will be ap varent from the foregoing that in this drier a l of the working partsy of the apparatus are mounted on a stationary support, particularly the drum, feed pan, overiow trough, spreader, scraper or knife and conveyer, so that these parts are a distinct unit which constitutes a complete drying ap'- paratus by itself and admits of drying material under vacuum by moving the casing over the drying mechanism to enclose the same, and also admits of using this apparatusas an atmospheric drier by removing the casing from the drying mechanism and effectin the drying of the material in the atmosp ere. Obviously drying under atmospheric pressure can also be effected by leaving the casino around the drying mechanism but cutting 05 the exhausting effect therefrom or opening the drying chamber to the atmosphere.

Inasmuch as the vapor outlet conduit leads through the inner or front head which forms anvv immovable part of the casing it is possible to move the body and rear head of the `casing for enclosing or uncovering the drum and associated parts without disturbing the connections with the exhausting device and thus enable the apparatus to be used readily at will for drying vunder vacuum or atmospheric pressure to suit the requirements of dierent materials or conditions.

I claim as my invention l. A drying apparatus comprisinga drying drum, a support which isarranged at one end of said drum and which serves as the sole means upon which the drum is rotatably mounted, supplying means mounted on said support for supplying the liquid to be dried to said drum, and removing means mounted on said support for removing the dried material from the drum.

2. A drying apparatus comprising a drying drum, a support which is arranged at one 'end of said drum and which serves as the sole means upon .which the drum is rotatably mounted, supplying means mounted on said support for supplying the liquid to be driedl to said drum, removlng means mounted on said support for removing thedried material from the drum, and a vacuum casing enclosing said drum, supplying means and removing means and detachably connected with said support.

3. A drying apparatus comprising a dryingv drum, a support which is arranged at one end of said drum and which serves as the sole means upon which the drum is rotatably mounted, supplying means mounted on said support for supplying the liquid to be dried to saiddrum, removing means mounted on said support for removing the supplying means,

support-for supplying the liquid, to'be dried to said drum, removing means mounted on said support for removing the drled material from the drum, return means mounted on said support and adapted to receive the excess liquid not taken up by said drum from the and a vacuum casing enclosing'said drum, supplying means, removing means and return means and connected with said support.

5. A drying apparatus comprising a drying drum, a support which is arranged at one end of said drum and which serves as the sole means upon which the drum is rotatably mountedfsupplying means mounted on said support for supplying to said drum the liquid to be dried, removing means mounted on said support for removing the dried material from said drum, and a trough arranged below the drum yand mounted on said support and adapted to receive the excess liquid supplied and not taken up by said drum. l i

6. A drying .ap aratus comprising a.

detachably standard, adrying rum rotatablymounted ently of said casing and adapted to connect the space withinthe latter withan exhausting device, and means independent of said casing forsupplying the liquid to be dried to said drum and carrying the excess liquid away from the drum. l

7. A drying apparatus comprising an upright support, a horizontal drying drum ro*- tatably mounted on 'said support, means mounted on said support for `supplying the liquid to be dried to 'said drum, means mounted on said support for removingthe dried material from a discharge conduit extending through sai support. y. A

8.- A drying apparatuscomprising a horizontal rotary drying drum, an upright standard arranged at one end of said drum, an inboard bearing and an outboard vbearing which rotatably support opposite endsv of of which are mounted on said the drum, and including 9. A drying apparatuscomprising a horizontal rotary drying drui'n,= anuprightstand ard arranged at one endfonly ofsaid drum,

an inboard bearing whicliis'arranged onsaid standard and in whielrthe inner endk of' said drum is journaled Outboadjbearing on which theo'uterl end ofsaiddiumis journaled,

removing theidried liquid therefrom, andan extension having) a partifjarranged length-l wise of the drum'oi'i the underside thereof and connecting said outboardbearing. with said standard and forming adtrou h Which catches the excess liquid supplie `::t0 said drum.

having upper and lower longitudinal barsI l0. Ay drying'apparatus comprising an up` right support, an inboard bearing arranffed on said support, a horizontal rotary drylng drum journaled at its inner end von said in board bearing, an outboard bearing on which the outer end of said drum is journaled, means mounted on said support for supplying the liquid to be dried to said drum and removing the dried liquid therefrom, and an extension having upper and lower longitudinal bars arranged above and below said drum and con nected at their inner ends with said support and an upright. post connecting the outer ends of said bars and carrying said outboard '1 bearin drum 'ournaled at its inner end on saidinboard caring, an outboard bearing on which the outer end of said drum is journaled, means mounted on said support for supplying the liquid to be dried to said drum andremoving the dried liquid therefrom, and an 'extension arranged above and belowr said drumand con nected at their inner ends-With said support andpan upright post connecting the outer ends of said bars and carrying said outboardbearing, said lower bar forming a trough which catches the excess liquid supplied to said drum.

l2. A drying apparatus comprising a horizontal rotatable drying drum, an upright standard arranged at one end of`said drum, an inboard bearing which is arranged on said standard and in which the inner end of said drum is journaled, an outboard bearing in which the outer end of said drum is journaled, an extension supportedsolelyron said standard including a longitudinal member connected at its inner end with said standard and a vertical memberconnected with the outer -end of said horizontal member and carrying said 4outboard bearing, means for supplying lquid to be dried to saidjdruin including a feed pan arranged below the drum and sup` ported at its opposite ends on said standard and upright member, andavacuum casing endrying apparatus comprising an upright support, an inboard bearing arranged on said support, a horizontal rotary drying v 'lg'zaefrei closing said drum, bearings, extensionand liquid supplying means and detachably connected withsaid standard.

13. A dry-'ing apparatus comprising a horizontal rotatable drying drum, an upright standard arranged at one end of said drum, an inboard bearing which is arranged on said standard and in which the inner end of said drum is journaled, an outboard bearing in Wliich the outer end of said drum is journaled, an extension mounted solely on said standard including a longitudinal member connected at its inner end with said standard and a vertical member connected with the outer end of said horizontal member and carrying said outboard bearing, means for `.supplying liquid to be dried to said drum including a feed pan arranged below the drum and supportedv at its opposite ends on said standard and-upright member, means for removing the dried material from said drum including a scraper supported at opposite ends on said standard and upright member,

and a vacuum casing enclosing said drum, bearings, extension, liquid supply means and dried material removing means and detach ably connected with said standard.

14. A drying apparatus comprising a horizontal rotatable drying drum, an upright standard arranged at one end of said drum, an inboard bearing which is arranged on said standard and in which the innei` end of said drum is journaled, an outboard bearing in.

which the outer end of said drum is journaled,

an extension mounted solely on said standard and including a longitudinal member connected at its inner end with said standard Y and a vertical member connected with the outer end of said horizontal member and carrying said outboard bearing, means for supplying liquid to be dried to said drum including a feed pan arranged below the drum and supported at its opposite ends on said standard and upright member, means for re- .moving the driedmaterial from said drum including a scraper supported at opposite ends on said standards and upright member, and a conveyor which receives the dried material from said scraper and discharges it from the apparatus and which has a trough mounted at opposite ends on said standard and said vertical member.

15. A drying apparatus comprising a horizontal retable drying drum, an upright standard arranged at the inner end of said drum, an inboard bearing which is arranged on said standard and in which the inner end of said drum is journaled, an youtboard bearing in `which the outer end of said drum is journaled,

an extension mounted sole1 on said standard and including a longitudinal member connected at its inner end with said standard and a vertical member connected with the outer end of said horizontal member and carrying said outboard bearing, means for sup- 'ard plying liquid to be dried t0 said drum including a feed pan arranged below the drum and supported at its opposite ends on said standard and upright member and a spreader which distributes the liquid over thedrum and which is mounted at its opposite ends on said standardv and said vertical member.

16. A drying apparatus comprising an upright support having an inboard bearing, a horizontal rotatable drying drum having its inner end journaled on said inboard bearing, an outboard bearing in which the outer end of said drum is journaled, an extension including a longitudinal member connected at its inner end with said support and a vertical member connected with the outer end of said horizontal member and carrying said outboard bearing, means for supplying liquid to be dried to said drum including a feed pan arranged below the drum and supported at its opposite ends on said support and upright member, and means mounted on said support for rocking said feed pan.

17. A drying apparatus comprising a horizontal rotatable drying drum, an upright standard arranged at one endof said drum, an inboard bearing which is arranged on said standard and in wihch the inner end of said drum is journaled, an outboard bearing in which the outer end of said drum is journaled, an extension mounted solely on said standard and including a longitudinal member connected at its inner end with said standh and a vertical member connected With t e carrying said outboard bearing, means for supplying liquid to be dried to said drum including a feed pan arranged below the drum and supported at its opposite end on said standard and upright member, a spreader which distributes the liquid over the drum and which is mounted at its opposite ends on said standard and said vertical member, and

means mounted on said standard for adjusting the spreader relatively to said drum.

18. A drying apparatus comprising a horizontal rotary drying drum, an upright standard arranged at one end of said drum and forming the sole support therefor, means mounted solely on said standard for supplying the liquid to be dried to said drum, means mounted solely on said standard for removingthe dried material from the drum, including a knife which is movable toward andv from the drum, means mounted solely l on said standard for adjusting the position of said knife relatively to the scraper from the exterior of the apparatus, and a vacuum casing enclosing said drum, liquid supplying means,` dried material removing-,means and adjustingl lmeans and detachably connected with saidstandard. v'

19. A drying apparatuscomprising a main frame, an enclosing casing having a stationary head mounted on the frame, a cylindrical outer end of said horizontal member and frame, having a horizontal basean'd al standy ard rising from the base, head arranged on said standard, a rotary drying drum rotatably mounted on said stationary head, a cylindrical casing body movably mounted on said standard 'and adapted to surround said drum and to engage one of its ends with said stationary head, a head arranged on the opposite end of the casing body and movable therewith; and means independent of said body and mounted solely on said standard within the perimeter of the stationary head for supplying liquid tobe dried to said drum and removing the dried material therefrom.

21. Af .drying apparatus comprising a frame having a horizontal base and a standard risingfrom the base, a stationary casing a stationary'c'asing vhead arranged on said standard, a rotary drying drum rotatably mounted on said stationary head, a cylindrical casing body adapted to surround said drum and to engage one of of its ends with said stationary head, ahead arranged on the opposite end of the casing body and movable therewith, means for movably supporting said casing body and the head thereon on said base;` and means independent of said body and mounted solely on said standardwithin the perimeter of the stationary head for supplying liquid to be dried to said drum and removing the dried material therefrom.

22. A drying apparatus comprising a frame having a horizontal base and a standard rising from the base, a stationary casing head arranged on said standard, .a rotary drying drum rotatably mounted on's'aicl stationary head, a cylindrical casing body adapted to surround said drum and to engage track; and means independent of said body and mounted solely on said standard WithinV the perimeter of the stationary head for sup-v plying liquid to be dried to said drum and removing the dried material therefrom. 23. A drying apparatus comprising a yizo frame having a horizontal base and a standard rising from the base, a stationary casing head arranged on said standard, a rotary drying drum rotatably mounted on said stationary head, a cylindrical casing body adapted to surround said drum and to engage one of its ends with said stationary head, a head arranged on the opposite end of the casing body and movable therewith, means for movably supporting said casing body and the head thereon on'said base, comprising a track arranged on said base, and wheels mounted on said body and running on said track; means for moving said body and movable head toward and from said stationary head; and means independent of said body and mounted solely on said standard withinV the perimeter ot' the stationary head for supplying liquid to/be dried to said drum .and removing the dried material therefrom;`

2 4. A drying apparatus comprising a frame having a horizontal base and a standard rising from the base, a stationary casing head arranged on said standard, a rotary drying drum rotatably mounted on said stationary head, a cylindrical casing body adapted to surround said drum and to engage one of its ends with said stationary head, a head arranged on the opposite end of the casing body and movable therewith, means for movably supporting said casing body and the head thereon on said base, comprising a track arranged on said base, and wheels mounted on said body and running on said track; means for moving said body and movable head toward and from said stationary head comprising a gear rack mounted onthe lower part of said body, a gear pinion mounted on said base and meshing with said gear rack, and means for actuating said gear pinion; and means independent of said body and mounted solely on said standard within the perimeter of the stationary head for supplying liquid to be dried to said drum and removing the dried material therefrom.

25. A drying apparatus comprising a frame having a base and a standard rising from 1the base, an enclosing casing having a stationary front head mounted on saidstandard, a movable cylindrical body adapted to engage and disengage its front end with said front head, and a head arranged on thev rear end of said body; a. drying drum arranged within said casing and rotatably mounted 0n said front head, means for coupling and uncoupling said front head and the front end of said casing body; and means independent of said body and mounted solely on said standard Within the perimeter of the stationary head for supplying liquid to be dried to said drum and removing the dried material therefrom.

26. A drying apparatus comprising a. frame having a base and a standard rising from the base, an enclosing casing having a stationary front head mounted on said standard, a movable cylindrical body adapted to engage and disengage its iront end with lsaid front head, and a head arranged on the rear end of said body; a dryingdrum arranged within said casing and rotatably mounted on said front head, means for coupling and uncoupling said front head and the front end of said casing body comprising a plurality of coupling bolts arranged on the periphery of said front head and each provided with aI head at it-s rearend, a looking ring movable circumferentially on said casing, and a plurality of Wedges arranged on said locking ring and each adapted to engage with ther back of the head onione of said locking bolts; and means for supplying the liquid to be dried to said drumand removing the dried material therefrom.

` f 27. A drying apparatus comprising a frame having abase and a standard rising from the base, an enclosing casing having astationary front head mounted on said standard, a movable cylindrical body adapted to engage and disengage its front end with said front head,

and a head arranged lonjhe rear-end of said body; a drying drum arranged within said casing and rotatably mounted on said front head, means Jfor coupling and `u'ncoupling said front head and the front end of .said

casing body comprising a plurality of coupling bolts arranged on the periphery of said front head and each provided witha` head at its rear end, a locking ring movable circum` ,ferentially on said casing, a plurality of wedges arranged on said lookin ring and each adapted to engage with'the hack of the head on one of said locking bolts and means for rotating said ring on said body comprising a gear segment mounted on the lower part of said ring, a gear pinion mounted on said body and meshing with said segment, and means for actuating said pinion; and means lfor supplying the `1i uid to be dried to said drum and yremoving-t e dried material therefrom.

28. A drying apparatus comprising a frame having a base and a standard rising from the base, an enclosing casing having a stationary front head mounted on said standard, a movable cylindrical body adapted to engage and disengage its front end with said front head, and a head arranged on the rear end of said body; a drying drum arranged within said casing and rotatably mounted on said front a locking ring rotatable circumferentially on said body and provided with a plurality of key-hole slots, the wide part of each slot permitting the passage of the head of a coupling bolt and the narrow part thereof being adaptdisengage its front end ed to receive the shank of a coupling bolt and a plurality of wedges mounted on said ring and each adapted to cngagethe back of the head of one of said coupling bolts; and means for supplying the liquid to be dried to said drum and removing the dried material therefrom.

29. A drying apparatus comprising a frame having a base and a standard rising from the base, an enclosing casing having a stationary front head mounted on said standard, a movable cylindrical body adapted to engage and with said front head, and a head arrangedon the rear end of said body; a drying drum arranged within said casing and rotatably mounted on said front head; means for coupling and uncoupling said front head and the front end ofsaid casing body comprising a plurality of coupling bolts arranged 0n the periphery of said stationary head and each having a head at its rear end, a locking ring rotatable circumferentially on, said body and provided with a plurality of key-hole slots, the wide part of each slot ermitt-ing the passage of the head of a coup ing bolt and the narrow part thereof being adapted to receive the shank of a coupling bolt, a plurality of wedges mounted on said ring and each adapted to engage the back of the head of one of said coupling bolts, anda coupling flange arranged "on the body and engaging the front side of said ring and provided with a plurality of openings each of which receives the head and shank of one of said coupling bolts; and means for supplying the liquid to be dried to said drum and removingthe dried material therefrom.

30. A drying apparatus comprising .a frame having a base and a standard rising from the base, an enclosing casing having a stationary front head mounted on said standard, a movable cylindrical body adapted to engage and disengage its-"front end with said front head, and a head arranged on the rear end of said body; a drying drum arranged within said casing and rotatably mounted on said front head; means for coupling and uncoupling said front head and the front end of said casing-body comprising a plurality of coupling bolts arranged on the periphery of said stationary head and eachhaving a head at its rear end, a locking ring rotatable circumferentially on said body and provided with a plurality of key-hole slots, the wide part of each slot permitting the passage of the head of a coupling bolt and the narrow part thereof being adapted to receive the shank of a coupling bolt, a plurality of wedges mounted on said ring and each adapted to engage the back of the head of one of said coupling bolts, a coupling arranged on the body and engaging the front side of said ring and provided with a plurality of openings each of which receives the head and shank of one of said coupling bolts,

ange v and a plurality of clips secured to said flange an engaging with the rear side of said locking ring; and means for supplying the liquid to be dried to said drum and removing the dried material therefrom.

3l. A drying apparatus comprising a stationary main frame having a standard, al1 enclosing casing having a stationary front head arranged on said standard and provided with a bearing, a longitudinally' movable body adapted to be connected and disconnected at its front end with said front head and a rear head arranged on said body and movable longitudinally therewith; a rotary drum arranged within said casin and having a trunnion' journaled in the earing of said front head; and means independent of said movable body mounted solel on said standard within the perimeter of7 the statlonary head for. supplying liquid to be dried to said drum and removing the dried material therefrom.

32. A drying apparatus comprising a stationary main frame having a standard, an enclosing casing having a stationary front head arranged on said standard and rovided with a bearing, a longitudinally movable body adapted to be connected or disconnected at its front end with said front y head and a rear`head arranged on said body and movable longitudinally therewith, a rotary drum arranged within said casing and having atrunnion journaled in the bearing of said fronthead; means for rotating said drum connected with said trunnion on the exterior of said casing; and means independent of said body and mounted solely on said frame for supplying liquid to be dried to said drum and removing the dried material therefrom.

33. A drying apparatus comprising a stationary main frame having a standard, an enclosing casing having a stationary front head arranged on said standard and provided with a bearing, a longitudinally movable body adapted to be connected and disconnected at its front end with said front head and a rear head arranged on said body and movable longitudinally therewith, a rotary Idrum arranged within said casing and having a front trunnion journaled in the bearing of said front head and also provided with a rear trunnion, a rear bearing which is arranged within the rear part of said casing and mounted on said front head and in which y the rear trunnion of said drum is journaled; and means independent of said body and mounted solely on said frame for supplying liquid to be dried to said drum and re'nov- .ing the dried material therefrom.

.34. A drying apparatus comprising a stationary main frame having a standard, an encloslng casing having a stationary front head arranged on said standard and provided with a bearing, a longitudinally movable body adapted to be connected and disconnected at its front end with said front head and a rear head arranged on said body and movable longitudinally therewith, a rotary drum arranged within said casing and having a front trunnion journaled in the bearing of said front head and also provided with a rear trunnion, a' rear bearing which is arranged in the rear part of said casing and in which the rear trunnion of said drum is journaled, an upright column carrying said rear bearing, a beam arranged lengthwise within said casing and`connecting said column with said front casing head; and means mounted solely on said frame for supplying the liquid to be dried to said drum and removing the dried material therefrom.

35. A drying apparatus comprising a stationary main frame having a standard, an enclosing casing having a stationary front head arranged on said standard and provided with a bearing, a longitudinally,` movable body adapted to be connected and disconn nected at its front end with said front head and a rear head arranged on said body and movable longitudinally therewith, a rotary drum arranged within said casing and having a front trunnion journaled in the bearing of said front head and also provided with a rear trunnion, a rear bearing which is arranged in the rearpart of saidcasing and in which the rear trunnion of said drum is journaled, an upright column carrying said rear bearing, beams arranged lengthwise in the casing above and below said drum and connecting the upper and lower ends of said column with the corresponding parts of said front head; and means mounted solely on said frame for supplying the liquid to be dried to said drum and removing the dried material therefrom,

36. A drying apparatus comprising a frame having a standard, an enclosing casing having a stationary front head arranged on said standard, a cylindrical body movable longitudinally and adapted to vbe connected and disconnected at its front end with said front head, and a rear head arranged on the rear end of said body and movable longitudinally therewith, a support arranged in the rear part of said casing and connected with said front head, a drying drum arranged within said lcasing and rotatably mounted at its front and rear ends on said front head and rear support; and means mounted solely on said frame for supplying the liquid to be dried to said drum and removing the dried material therefrom.

37. A drying apparatus comprising a frame having a standard, an enclosing casing having a stationary front head arranged on said standard, a cylindrical body movable longitudinally and adapted to be connected and disconnected at its .front end with said front head. and a rear head arranged on the rear end of said body and movable longitudinally therewith, an upright rear column arranged in the rear part of said casing; a rotary drying drum arranged in said casing and rotatably mounted at its front and rear ends on said front head and rear column, a longitudinal beam arranged below the drum and connected at its front and rear ends with said fronthead and rear column and provided in its upper side with a troughwhich is mounted solely on said frame; feeding means which are arranged above the trough for feeding liquid to be desiccated to said drum and from which the excess liquid overflows into said trough.

38. A drying apparatus comprising a frame having a standard, an enclosing casing having a stationary front head arranged on said standard, a cylindrical body movable longitudinally and adapted to be connected and disconnected at its front end with said front head, and a rear head arranged on the rear end of said body and movable longitudinally therewith, an upright rear column arranged in the rear part of said casing, a rotary drying drum arranged in said casing and rotatably mounted at its front .and rear ends on said front head and rear column, a longitudinal beam arranged below the drum and connected at itsy front and rear ends with said front head and rear column and provided in its upper side with a .trough which is mounted solely on said frame, feeding means which are arranged above the trough for feedin liquid to be desiccated to said drum and rom which the excess liquid overflows into said trough; and a knife mounted on said beam along one side of said trough and adapted to scrape the dried material from said drum.

39. A drying apparatus comprising a frame having a standard, an enclosing casing having a stationary front head arranged on said standard, a cylindrical body movable longitudinally and adapted to be connected and disconnected at its front end with said front head, and a rear head arranged on the rear end of said body and movable longitudinally therewith, an upright rear column arranged in the rear part of said casing, a rotary drying drum arranged in said casing and rotatably mounted at its front and rear ends on said front head and rear column, a longitudinal beam arranged below the drum and connected at its front and rear ends with said front head and rear column and provided in its upper side with a trough which is mounted solely on said frame, feeding means which are arranged above the trough for feeding liquid to be desiccated to said drum and from which the excess liquid overlows into said trough, a knifemounted 0n said beam along one side of said trough and adapted to scrape the dried material from said drum; and a conveyor arranged Within the casing on one side of said trough and adapted to receive the dried material scraped from the drum by said knife.

40. A drying apparatus comprising a frame having a standard, an enclosing casing having a stationary front head arranged on said standard, a cylindrical body movable longitudinally and adapted to be connected and disconnected at its front end with said front head, and a rear head arranged on the rear end of said body and movable longitudinally therewith, an upright rear column arranged in the rear part of said casing, a rotary drying drum arranged in said casing and rotatably mounted at its front and rear ends on said front head and rear column, a longitudinal'beam arranged below the drum and connected at its front and rear ends with said front head'and rear column and provided in its upper side with a trough which is mounted solely on said frame, feeding means which are arranged above the trough for feeding liquid to be desiccated to said drum and from which the excess liquid overflows into said trough, a knife mounted on said beam along one side of said trough and adapted to scrape the dried material from said drum; and a conveyor arranged within the casing onrone side of said trough and adapted to receive the dried material removed from the drum 'by said knife, said conveyor having a trough supported on said front-head and said column.

41. A drying apparatus comprising a frame having a standard, an enclosing casing having a stationary front head arranged on said standard, a cylindrical body movable longitudinally and adapted to be connected and disconnected at its front end with said front head, and a rear head arranged on the rear end of said body and movable longitudinally therewith, an upright rear col-i umn arranged in the'rear part of said casing, a rotary drying drum arranged in said casing and rotatably mounted at its front and rear ends on said front head and rear column, a longitudinal beam arranged below the drum and connected at its front and rear ends with said front head and rear column and provided in its upper side with a trough which is mounted solely on said frame, and feeding means which are arranged above the trough Ior feeding liquid to be desiccated to said drum and from which the excess liquid overflows into said trough, said feeding means having a distributing pipe supported on said front headand rear column, and a feeding pan mounted on said distributing pipe and receiving liquid therefrom and presenting the liquid to the underside of said drum. 'y

42. A drying apparatus comprising a frame having a standard, an enclosing casing having a stationary front head arranged on said standard, a cylindrical body movable longitudinally and adapted to be connected and disconnected at its front end with said front head, and a rear head arranged on the rear end of said body and movable longitudinally therewith, an upright rear column arranged in the rear part of said casing, a rotary drying drum arranged in said casing and rotatably mounted at its front and rear ends on said front head and rear column, a longitudinal beam arranged below the drum and connected at its front and rear ends with said front head and rear column and provided in its upper side with a trough which is mounted solely on said frame, feeding means which are arranged above the trough for feeding liquid to be desiccated to said drum and from which the excess liquid overfiows into said trough; and a liquid spreader supported at its front and rear ends on said front lead and rear column.

frame having a standard, an enclosing casfing having a stationary front head arranged on said standard, a cylindrical body movable longitudinally and adapted to be connected and disconnected at its front end with said front head, and a rear head arranged on the rear end of said body and movable longitudinally therewith, an upright rear column arranged i the rear part of said casing, a rotary drying drum arranged in said casing and rotatably mounted at its front and rear ends on said front head and rear column, a longitudinal beam arranged below d rying apparatus comprising a.

the drum and connect-ed atv its front and rear ends with said front head andrear column and provided in its upper side with a trough mounted solely on the standard within the perimeter of the stationary head, feeding means which are arranged above the trough for feeding liquid to be desicc'ated to said drum and from which the excess liquid overflows into said trough, a knife mounted on said beam along one side of said trough and adapted to scrape the dried material from said drum; and means for ladjusting said knife relatively to said drum including a longitudinal rock shaft. journaled at its front and rear ends in said front head and rear column and operatively connected with said knife. p

HENRY D. MILES. 

